Technology plays a vital role in commerce. Over the years, business has become so reliant on technology that if we were to get out of it, almost all business processes around the world would come to a grinding halt. Nearly all business and industries in this globe are using computerized network ranging from the most fundamental to the most difficult processes.
Fifth generation (5G) mobile network is not only the successor of its previous mobile networks (4G,3G,2G) but is also a beginning of the new era in mobile communication. The 5G performance targets include greater speed, greater capacity, reduced latency, cost reduction, high resolution and larger bandwidth. 5G technology is expected to be utilized widely for applications such as smart logistics, Driverless cars and other such smart applications. This demands high speed internet. Therefore 5G networks are the next generation of mobile internet connectivity beyond the 4G LTE mobile networks of today. This will help faster speeds and more reliable connections on smartphones and other devices than ever before. 5G technology has many advanced features potential enough to solve many of the problems of our routine life. The advancement, features and usability are much beyond the expectation of a normal human being.
With its ultra-high speed, it has potential enough to change the history of cell phone usability. With development well underway, 5G networks are anticipated to launch across the world by 2020, working alongside existing 3G and 4G technology to provide faster connections and reduced latency. Fourth-generation (4G) Long-Term Evolution (LTE) wireless technology provides the foundation for Fifth-generation (5G). Unlike 4G, which requires large and high-power cell to transmit signals over longer distances, 5G wireless signals will be transmitted via large number of small cell stations which will be located in various places.
The use of small cells is necessary because of millimetre — the band of spectrum between 30 GHz and 300 GHz that 5G relies on to generate high speeds which can only travel over short distances and is subject to interference from weather and physical obstacles.
In addition to improvements in speed, latency, bandwidth and capacity, 5G offers network management features like network slicing.
Network slicing is a powerful virtualization capability and is one of the key capabilities that will enable flexibility, as it allows multiple virtual networks within a single physical 5G network. The greater elasticity brought about by network slicing will help to address the cost and flexibility requirements imposed by future demands.
5G networks will help power a huge rise in the Internet of the things the technology is providing and the infrastructure needed to carry huge amounts of data, allowing for a smarter and more connected world.
The system model of 5G shown below is entirely an IP based model designed for the wireless and mobile networks.
The system consists of a main user terminal and then a number of independent and autonomous radio access technologies. Each radio technology is considered as the IP link for the outside internet world. This IP technology is designed to focus and ensure sufficient control of data for proper routing of IP packets related to a certain application connection.
As from the above explanation we can confirm that 5G is better than the older generations.
5G standards are expected to release by 2020 and the following initial commercial deployment, research in 5G wireless networks have gained a lot of momentum with the emergence of new ideas and innovative solutions.
The challenging 5G networks design targets including 1000x network capacity, 10-30x lower latency, 10-100x peak data rates and 10x energy efficiency have led to several innovations in the areas of edge computing and ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), device-to-device and massive machine type communications (MMTC), among many other innovations.
Development of 5G is being led by companies such as ZTE, Cisco, Lenovo, Nokia, Samsung and Ericsson for infrastructure and Huawei, Intel and Qualcomm for modem technology . AT&S is supporting the 5G mobile communications generation with high frequency optimized interconnect solutions by producing hybrid-printed circuit board structures.
Beyond mobile operator networks, 5G is also expected to be widely utilized for private networks with applications in IoT, critical communications and enterprise networking. Large quantities of new spectrum have been allocated to 5G, to support increased throughout requirements of 5G, particularly in millimetre-wave bands.
The Federal Communications Commission of the United States freed up vast amounts of 0 bandwidth in underutilized high-band spectrum for 5G in 2016. 5g technology has significant impact in the modem market which attracts the traditional cellular modem suppliers. Qualcomm announced its X50 5G Modem in October 2016 and in November 2017, Intel announced its XMM8000 and XMM8060 series of 5G modem, both of them are expected to be released in 2019. MediaTek announced its own 5G solutions expected to be released in 2020 production.
Several groups are working on the 5g standards. Here we shall see the research advancements of a couple of the groups along with their simulated test results,
Another project 5GNOW, (5th generation Non-Orthogonal Waveforms for Asynchronous Signaling) has proposed an efficient and scalable air interface which disregards the traditional strict orthogonality and principles of synchronism which were followed in earlier network generations. Waveforms such as filter bank multi-carrier (FBMC), universal filtered multi carrier (UFMC) show a great deal of promise which can surpass orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in context of 5G . In addition to design of multicarrier waveform, the 5GNOW project addresses aspects such as scarce signal processing and ultra-low latency transmissions. Recent deliverables of the project demonstrates Gabor signaling, which means the signal when expanded is the sum of shifts in scaled time-frequency of a prototype window.
In the years to come, the new norm of cellular connectivity, 5G will be utilized. With speeds exponentially greater than 4G. This will lead to the shift in consumer behavior and perspective of communication using smart devices
Is India Ready for5G Technology ?
India is getting ready to welcome the advent of 5G technology networks in the country. The Government of India has established a forum to develop the roadmap for the launch of this technology in 2020. It has also allocated 2224 crores for the creation of a 5G testbed to be established in collaboration with the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) and an IIT. The government has already started providing high-speed broadband internet services in rural and urban areas. Under the Smart Cities Project of the Union Government, a number of cities have been identified to be developed as ‘Smart Cities’ and the village in the state of Rajasthan has been selected for development as a ‘Smart Village’. These will require 5G technology networks for proper and efficient functioning. The IoT applications of 5G networks will need to be extensively used in such places.
Private sector telecom operators are also gearing up to launch 5G services within the next six months of being allocated the necessary spectrum for this purpose. A bright future awaits India after the implementation of 5G networks, as this technology will enhance the capabilities of the people significantly by taking care of routine tasks. The analytical Indian minds can then start finding solutions to more complex problems such as rising environmental pollution, effective management of waste, and other similar issues.
-Varun Prabhu
SOURCES
techblog.comsoc.org
rga.com
gr8ambitionz.com
sciencedirect.com
